Land

Plateaus and Rolling Uplands

The high plateaus are  found in mountain ranges with an average elevation of 300-600 meters. They are almost flat and the monotony of orography is interrupted by the deep river valleys. The plateaus are morphologically divided into the following divisions:- 

a) The Panposh-Kendujhar-pala Lahara plateau  of the upper Baitarani catchment basin

b) The Nabaranyapur-Jaypur plateau of the upper Sabari basin

The rolling uplands are lower in elevation and they vary between 150 and 300 meters. These uplands are the product of revise action and are flat in nature. They are rich in soil nutrients and afford good opportunities for cultivation of paddy in wet areas.

The rolling uplands are grouped into the following morphological units:-

a) The Rajgangpur-panposh uplands of the Koel and the Sankh rivers.

b) The Jharsuguda uplands of the Ib basin.

c) The Baragarh uplands of the Jira and the Jhaun basins.

d) The Balangir-Titilagarh-Patnagarh uplands of northern Tel basin

e) The Bhawanipatna  uplands  of the southern Tel basin

f) The Malkangiri uplands of the Sabari basin

The river Valleys

The valleys have been carved out by the major rivers of Odisha (Orissa) due to fluvial action. They are mostly narrow and deep in the upper reaches, slightly wide in the middle reaches and widest in the lower reaches where they enter the plains of  Odisha (Orissa). These river valleys are as follows:-

a) The Valley of the Mahanadi

b) The Valley of Brahmani

c) The Valley of the Vamsadhara

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